v. 窒息；使窒息；呼吸困难（suffocate的过去式）

v deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing

v impair the respiration of or obstruct the air passage of

v become stultified, suppressed, or stifled

v suppress the development, creativity, or imagination of

v be asphyxiated; die from lack of oxygen

v feel uncomfortable for lack of fresh air

v struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake