v. 改变( transform的第三人称单数 ); 使改变形态, 使改变外观（或性质）, 使改观

v subject to a mathematical transformation

v change or alter in form, appearance, or nature

v change in outward structure or looks

v change from one form or medium into another

v convert (one form of energy) to another

v change (a bacterial cell) into a genetically distinct cell by the introduction of DNA from another cell of the same or closely related species

v increase or decrease (an alternating current or voltage)