n. 过多( redundancy的复数形式 ); （机器的）多余度; （尤指文字）冗长; （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员

n. repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission

n. the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded

n. (electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails